If(divWithLink != null & divWithLink != 'undefined')ĭ = "solid 1px #cb0f3e" ĭ = "#122952" Var divWithLink = document.getElementById("premium-link") Sign up for our newsletter to get real-time news and in-depth analysis from our top reporters.ĭocument.getElementById("linkPremium").innerHTML = cont Related Tags France espionage europe London history dreyfus trial french jewsĪs the war against Hamas unfolds, our unwavering newsroom remains committed to covering Israel's most profound crisis. He attained the rank of major but retired soon after, returning to service for World War I, after which he retired for good. In 1906, after another retrial, a civilian court of appeals cleared Dreyfus and reversed the prior convictions.ĭreyfus was reinstated and awarded the Legion of Honor. Dreyfus accepted the clemency, but he insisted that it was his right to do everything he could to prove his innocence. He was once again found guilty in September 1899, but the president pardoned him. In 1899, it was decided to bring the issue to rest once and for all, and Dreyfus was brought back for a retrial. Henry admitted to his forgeries shortly before committing suicide, and Esterhazy fled to Belgium and London. Over the next year, the case for Dreyfus was strengthened. He was found guilty of libel and given a year in prison as well as a fine of 3,000 francs. They also called for Zola to stand trial, which began a month after the letter was published. The other side was strongly against reopening the case, and this faction participated in antisemitic riots in the provinces. Among those who supported Dreyfus, there was a demand to reopen the case, and a petition was signed by 3,000 people including intellectuals such as Marcel Proust. What resulted was a polar split in France. The letter accused the army of intentionally covering up their mistaken conviction of Dreyfus. In 1898, Esterhazy was brought before a court martial, but he was ultimately acquitted and Picquart was arrested instead.įollowing Picquart's arrest, Émile Zola wrote an open letter for the front page of the Aurore titled "J'accuse". Additionally, Major Hubert Joseph Henry, an expert forger, helped Esterhazy fabricate new evidence and suppress the genuine documents. With support for Dreyfus growing, Esterhazy began inventing evidence and rumors in order to incriminate Dreyfus. Things only got more complicated after this. Picquart was removed from his post soon after this discovery, and it is believed that his superiors did not want to deal with the evidence because it was inconvenient for them. ''The traitor: Degradation of Alfred Dreyfus, degradation in the Morland Court of the military school in Paris'' (credit: Henri Meyer/Bibliothèque nationale de France) He also found that a letter that was used as significant evidence against Dreyfus was written in Esterhazy's handwriting. Lieutenant Colonel Georges Picquart discovered that Major Ferdinand Walsin-Esterhazy was engaging in espionage. New evidence was found, however, that Dreyfus was indeed innocent. While Dreyfus and his family continuously insisted on his innocence, public opinion and the French press echoed widespread antisemitic perceptions of Jews as disloyal - a view that was especially voiced in the newspaper La Libre Parole. The legal proceedings that led to Dreyfus' conviction were clearly not genuine. (function (a, d, o, r, i, c, u, p, w, m) ` (script) Advertisement Last year, Moreau’s predecessor was ousted after he suggested that Dreyfus was not innocent.Īlso last year, the elite Polytechnique engineering school refused to have a statue of Dreyfus erected on its campus outside Paris.On This Day: Alfred Dreyfus is wrongfully arrested for espionage - The Jerusalem Post The Dreyfus Affair remains controversial, even in the late 20th century. Widespread anti-militarism and rabid anti-clericalism followed, leading to the separation of church and state in France in 1905, historical sources said. One result of the Dreyfus Affair was to unite and bring to power the French left wing. The suspect was acquitted quickly, prompting writer Emile Zola to publish an open letter, the famous “J’Accuse,” claiming that the judges followed orders from the military. The French Supreme Court in 1906 had overturned Dreyfus’ 1894 conviction of spying for Germany, but the army had yet to openly state that the Jewish officer had not betrayed France, according to historical sources.Īt the time of Dreyfus’ conviction, the French army was rife with anti- Semitism.ĭreyfus had maintained his innocence, but his case did not gain public interest until evidence surfaced showing that another person spied for the German nation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |